Zinc Oxide for Ceramic Industry, Glazes & Glass
Bhatti Chemicals Industry manufactures Pakistan's best and purest 99.99% pure Zinc Oxide for the ceramic industry. Trusted by Pakistan's leading ceramic tile, sanitaryware, and tableware manufacturers across Gujranwala, Gujrat, and Karachi for brilliant glaze gloss, exceptional thermal shock resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, and zero glaze crazing.
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Role of Zinc Oxide in Ceramic Glazes & Glass Formulations
Zinc Oxide functions amphoterically in ceramic melts—acting as a modifying flux at high temperatures while enhancing chemical durability and structural density upon vitrification.
1. Eutectic Fluxing & Melt Viscosity
During kiln firing between Cone 04 and Cone 10 (1050°C to 1280°C), Zinc Oxide reacts vigorously with feldspar, quartz, and kaolin to create low-viscosity liquid phases. This promotes complete degassing, allowing entrapped carbonaceous gases to escape before the glaze seals, effectively eliminating surface pinholes, blisters, and orange-peel textures.
2. Thermal Expansion Moderation & Crazing Resistance
Glaze crazing occurs when the glaze contracts more rapidly than the underlying ceramic body during cooling. Unlike alkali metal fluxes (Na₂O and K₂O) which dramatically increase thermal expansion, ZnO has a remarkably low linear coefficient of thermal expansion. Incorporating Zinc Oxide balances the glaze expansion coefficient to match porcelain, stoneware, and earthenware bodies perfectly.
3. Chemical Resistance & Mechanical Hardness
Zinc ions (Zn²⁺) incorporate into the glassy silicate matrix, forming durable zinc-silicate bonds that resist leaching from household detergents, citrus acids, and environmental moisture. In floor tiles and sanitaryware, this produces exceptional scratch resistance and abrasion durability (PEI ratings 4 and 5).
Why Ceramic Plants in Pakistan Choose Bhatti Chemicals
- Ultra-Low Iron Content: Fe₂O₃ ≤ 0.005% guarantees pure white sanitaryware without off-color yellow tinges.
- Uniform Particle Fineness: 325 mesh wet-sieve residue ≤ 0.05% ensures instant dispersion in ball mills without undispersed specks.
- Stable Lead-Free Frit Chemistry: Meets modern international environmental restrictions for tableware and food-contact ceramics.
- Local Supply Security: Immediate delivery to industrial ceramic hubs across Gujranwala, Gujrat, Lalamusa, Lahore, and Karachi.
Industrial Ceramic Glaze & Glass Formulations
Typical batch compositions demonstrating the targeted utilization of 99.9% Zinc Oxide across ceramic manufacturing sectors:
| Application Category | Firing Temp (°C) | ZnO Content (%) | Co-Fluxes & Raw Materials | Primary Performance Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sanitaryware Opaque White Glaze | 1200°C – 1250°C | 3.5 – 6.0% | Zircon (ZrSiO₄), Potash Feldspar, Wollastonite, Kaolin | High gloss, acid/alkali resistance, eliminates crazing |
| Porcelain Floor Tile Gloss Glaze | 1180°C – 1220°C | 2.0 – 4.5% | Soda Feldspar, Calcite, Quartz, Alumina hydrate | Surface micro-hardness, scratch resistance, fast vitrification |
| Artistic Crystalline Glaze | 1250°C – 1300°C | 18.0 – 25.0% | Silica, Ferro Frit 3110, Rutile, Titanium Dioxide | Precipitates visible macroscopic Willemite (Zn₂SiO₄) crystals |
| Satin / Zinc-Matte Wall Tile Glaze | 1080°C – 1140°C | 7.0 – 12.0% | Barium Carbonate, Dolomite, Nepheline Syenite, Clay | Smooth silky tactile finish with low light reflectivity |
| Borosilicate & Technical Glass | 1400°C – 1550°C | 1.5 – 3.5% | Silica sand, Borax, Soda ash, Limestone | Thermal shock resistance, lower liquidus temp, optical clarity |
Ceramic Grade Zinc Oxide Specifications
Manufactured under ISO 9001:2015 quality management with batch-by-batch laboratory validation:
| Chemical & Physical Property | Standard Specification | Typical Batch Analysis | Test Standard |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Assay | ≥ 99.90% | 99.93% | ISO 6745 / ASTM D79 |
| Iron Oxide (Fe₂O₃) | ≤ 0.005% | 0.0018% | AAS / ICP-OES |
| Lead Oxide (PbO) | ≤ 0.005% | 0.0015% | Spectrophotometry |
| Loss on Ignition (LOI, 950°C) | ≤ 0.20% | 0.12% | Gravimetric |
| Sieve Residue (325 Mesh / 45 μm) | ≤ 0.05% | 0.01% | Wet Sieve Analysis |
| Specific Gravity | 5.60 – 5.68 g/cm³ | 5.64 g/cm³ | Pycnometer |
| Physical Appearance | Fine white odorless powder | Conforms | Visual Inspection |
Official In-House Quality Assurance Test Report
Certified 99.99% Pure Ceramic Grade Zinc Oxide with Ultra-Low Iron Content
Bhatti Chemicals Industry guarantees 99.99% pure Zinc Oxide (ZnO) engineered specifically for Ceramic Tiles & Sanitaryware Glazes. Every commercial production batch is tested in our dedicated on-site analytical laboratory in Gujranwala, Pakistan, utilizing spectrophotometry, EDTA titration, and sub-micron sieve analysis to verify optimal reactivity and ultra-low heavy metal concentrations (Pb ≤ 50 ppm, Fe ≤ 0.003%, Cd ≤ 10 ppm). For domestic procurement and multinational export orders, independent SGS (Société Générale de Surveillance) testing reports are provided upon request.
Packaging & Supply Chain Reliability
Safeguarding product purity and dryness from our factory floor to your ceramic milling facility:
Moisture-Proof Packaging Options
Ceramic glaze performance relies heavily on consistent moisture content. Any moisture absorbed during warehouse storage alters weight formulations and can cause clumping in dry-feed silos. Bhatti Chemicals packs ceramic grade Zinc Oxide in:
- Standard 25 kg Bags: High-burst multi-wall kraft paper bags with inner high-density polyethylene (HDPE) heat-sealed barrier liners.
- Palletized & Stretch-Wrapped: 1 Metric Ton (40 bags) per sturdy wooden or composite fumigated export pallet, shrink-wrapped with weather-shield film.
- Jumbo Bags (FIBC): 500 kg to 1000 kg bulk bags available on special contract for automated ceramic mixing facilities.
Fast Nationwide & Export Dispatch
Conveniently located on Main G.T. Road, Gujranwala, our central production plant enables rapid same-day or next-day truck dispatch to ceramic clusters across Punjab and Sindh:
- Gujranwala, Gujrat & Lalamusa: Dedicated same-day direct mill deliveries.
- Lahore & Faisalabad: 24-hour truckload dispatch.
- Karachi: 48-hour container transport to Port Qasim / Karachi Port for sea export.
Frequently Asked Questions on Ceramic Zinc Oxide
Direct answers for ceramic engineers, glaze formulators, and procurement managers:
Zinc Oxide acts as a versatile fluxing agent at temperatures above 1050°C, lowering glaze melt viscosity and broadening the firing maturation range. Crucially, it possesses one of the lowest coefficients of thermal expansion among ceramic fluxes, which prevents glaze crazing and micro-fissures during kiln cooling.
At low concentrations (1% to 4%), Zinc Oxide dissolves completely into the silica-alumina glass melt, producing a brilliant high-gloss finish. At higher concentrations (6% to 15%), it promotes the precipitation of micro-crystalline willemite (Zn₂SiO₄), yielding elegant zinc-matte and satin surfaces.
High purity ensures minimal iron oxide (Fe₂O₃ ≤ 0.005%) and copper impurities. Heavy metal trace contaminants cause undesirable yellow or greenish staining in white sanitaryware and clear tableware glazes. Bhatti Chemicals French Process ZnO delivers pristine whiteness.
In glass melting, Zinc Oxide lowers liquidus temperatures, increases mechanical hardness, improves optical refractive index, and enhances chemical durability against water, acidic, and alkaline attack.
Bhatti Chemicals delivers Zinc Oxide in standard 25 kg multi-wall moisture-proof paper bags with inner polyethylene liners. Bulk shipments and full container loads (FCL) are dispatched throughout Gujranwala, Gujrat, Lahore, and Karachi with certified batch Certificate of Analysis (COA).
Explore Other Industrial Applications of Zinc Oxide
Discover how Bhatti Chemicals Industry's high-purity 99.9% Zinc Oxide powers critical manufacturing sectors across Pakistan and overseas:
Rubber & Tyre Manufacturing
Primary inorganic activator for sulfur vulcanization kinetics and thermal heat dissipation in high-speed radial tyres.
Explore Rubber Guide →
Paints & Protective Coatings
Non-leaching fungistatic mildew resistance, UV solar screening, and cathodic corrosion defense for marine and architectural primers.
Explore Coatings Guide →
Pharmaceuticals & Ointments
BP/USP pharmaceutical grade active antiseptic, skin barrier paste, and calamine wound healing agent.
Explore Pharma Guide →
Cosmetics & Skincare
Broad-spectrum physical UVA/UVB mineral photoprotection, soothing baby creams, and non-comedogenic formulations.
Explore Cosmetics Guide →
Agriculture & Animal Feed
Bioavailable micronutrient nutrition (~80.3% Zn) for livestock growth, poultry eggshell integrity, and crop fertilizer enrichment.
Explore Agriculture Guide →Applications Hub Directory
Browse our complete technical directory of industrial manufacturing sectors powered by 99.9% French Process Zinc Oxide.
View Applications Hub →Partner with Pakistan's Trusted Zinc Oxide Manufacturer
Contact Bhatti Chemicals Industry today to discuss chemical specifications, request batch COA documentation, and secure competitive commercial pricing for your ceramic plant.